Last data update: Apr 29, 2024. (Total: 46658 publications since 2009)
Records 1-9 (of 9 Records) |
Query Trace: Myers JR[original query] |
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Examining occupational health and safety disparities using national data: a cause for continuing concern
Steege AL , Baron SL , Marsh SM , Menendez CC , Myers JR . Am J Ind Med 2014 57 (5) 527-38 BACKGROUND: Occupational status, a core component of socioeconomic status, plays a critical role in the well-being of U.S. workers. Identifying work-related disparities can help target prevention efforts. METHODS: Bureau of Labor Statistics workplace data were used to characterize high-risk occupations and examine relationships between demographic and work-related variables and fatality. RESULTS: Employment in high-injury/illness occupations was independently associated with being male, Black, ≤high school degree, foreign-birth, and low-wages. Adjusted fatal occupational injury rate ratios for 2005-2009 were elevated for males, older workers, and several industries and occupations. Agriculture/forestry/fishing and mining industries and transportation and materials moving occupations had the highest rate ratios. Homicide rate ratios were elevated for Black, American Indian/Alaska Native/Asian/Pacific Islanders, and foreign-born workers. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the importance of understanding patterns of disparities of workplace injuries, illnesses and fatalities. Results can improve intervention efforts by developing programs that better meet the needs of the increasingly diverse U.S. workforce. |
Nonfatal work-related injuries and illnesses - United States, 2010
Baron SL , Steege AL , Marsh SM , Menéndez CC , Myers JR . MMWR Suppl 2013 62 (3) 35-40 In 2012, the U.S. civilian labor force comprised an estimated 155 million workers. Although employment can contribute positively to a worker's physical and psychological health, each year, many U.S. workers experience a work-related injury or illness. In 2011, approximately 3 million workers in private industry and 821,000 workers in state and local government experienced a nonfatal occupational injury or illness. Nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses are estimated to cost the U.S. economy approximately $200 billion annually. Identifying disparities in work-related injury and illness rates can help public health authorities focus prevention efforts. Because work-related health disparities also are associated with social disadvantage, a comprehensive program to improve health equity can include improving workplace safety and health. |
Fatal work-related injuries - United States, 2005-2009
Marsh SM , Menéndez CC , Baron SL , Steege AL , Myers JR . MMWR Suppl 2013 62 (3) 41-5 In 2012, the U.S. civilian labor force comprised an estimated 155 million workers. Although employment can contribute positively to a worker's physical and psychological health, each year, many U.S. workers are fatally injured at work. In 2011, a total of 4,700 U.S. workers died from occupational injuries. Workplace deaths are estimated to cost the U.S. economy approximately $6 billion annually. Identifying disparities in work-related fatality rates can help public health authorities focus prevention efforts. Because work-related health disparities also are associated with social disadvantage, a comprehensive program to improve health equity should include improving workplace safety and health. |
Injuries to hired crop workers in the United States-a descriptive analysis of a national probability survey
Wang S , Myers JR , Layne LA . Am J Ind Med 2011 54 (10) 734-47 BACKGROUND: Little empirical data are available examining the injury experience of hired crop workers in the United States (US). This study analyzed work-related injury data collected on these workers from a national survey. METHODS: Data were collected through the National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS) for the federal fiscal years 1999, 2002, 2003, and 2004. These data provided descriptive injury characteristics and rate estimates from a sample of 13,604 crop farm workers. RESULTS: The injury rate was 4.3 injuries per 100 week-based full-time equivalents (FTE(WB) ). The majority of the injuries occurred to male (84%) and Mexican born (72%) workers. Shuttle migrants had the highest injury rate at 7.2 injuries/100 FTE(WB) . Workers reporting one or more health conditions and workers reporting one or more musculoskeletal complaints had higher injury. The most common injury events were overexertion from lifting (20%), being struck by hand held objects (13%), and falls to a lower level (10%). Injuries due to falls to a lower level accounted for the highest average number of restricted workdays (45 days). CONCLUSIONS: The use of hand tools, falls, and lifting overexertion injuries were identified as significant causes of injury among hired crop workers. Increased injury risk was also seen for crop workers with existing health or musculoskeletal complaints. These results are useful for targeting injury prevention efforts and future research needs for this unique worker population. Am. J. Ind. Med. (c) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
Adoption of rollover protective structures (ROPS) on U.S. farm tractors by state: 1993-1995, 2001, and 2004
Hard DL , Myers JR . J Agric Saf Health 2011 17 (2) 157-72 This research compares state-level rollover protective structure (ROPS) prevalence rates from the early and mid-1990s to those observed in the years 2001 and 2004. In addition, state-level ROPS prevalence rates are compared to state-level tractor overturn fatality rates. Tractor data for 1993-1995 and for 2001 and 2004 for all tractors and ROPS-equipped tractors in use on U.S. farms were derived from surveys conducted for NIOSH by the USDA-NASS. Changes in ROPS prevalence rates at the state level between the two time periods were assessed using a two-sample paired t-test with unequal sample sizes. Poisson regression was used to assess the association between ROPS prevalence rates and tractor overturn fatality rates at the state level. Overall, 49 of the 50 states had an observed increase in the percentage of farm tractors equipped with ROPS from 1993-1995 to 2001 and 2004. This increase was statistically significant for 34 states. Large shifts in ROPS prevalence were found within individual states and in clusters of states. These include a major increase in the southeastern U.S. and some western states. However, a core of states in the northeast (many of them in or near the Appalachian Mountains) through the upper midwest remain in the bottom quartile for ROPS prevalence. For the years 1992 through 2004, the highest fatality rates were observed in many of the same states that were identified previously as having persistently low ROPS prevalence rates. There is a clear relationship between low state-level ROPS prevalence rates and high state-specific tractor overturn fatality rates. While progress has been made in increasing the percentage of ROPS-equipped farm tractors, it is projected that ROPS prevalence rates will not reach a protective level nationally until after 2015. Regionally, the northeast and midwest will not reach protective levels of ROPS-equipped tractors until after 2020. Based on the adoption rates observed, tractor overturn rates will likely continue to be a more localized, but significant, public health issue for several states beyond the year 2020. The results of this study show the geographic areas of the U.S. where the greatest need exists, and where a greater emphasis should be placed on ROPS promotion activities. However, addressing this public health issue on a large scale will require resources and an organized commitment, which have historically been lacking. |
Factors associated with the prevalence of non-ROPS tractors on farms in the U.S.
Myers JR . J Agric Saf Health 2010 16 (4) 267-80 Rollover protective structures (ROPS) are an effective engineering control known to prevent tractor overturn deaths, the leading cause of occupational fatalities for farmers and farm workers in the U.S. However, the use of ROPS is known to vary greatly from farm to farm. A national sample of 11,458 farm operators from the 2004 Occupational Injury Surveillance of Production Agriculture (OISPA) survey was used to assess the association between the prevalence of ROPS and ten farm operator and farm demographic variables using logistic regression. The variable were: operator's age, operator's sex, operator's education, farm sales, full- or part-time farming, acreage, type of operation, number of hired workers, number of injuries, and region. All ten variables were found to have significant associations with the prevalence of non-ROPS tractors on farms in the univariate logistic regressions. For the multivariate model, all variables except for the sex of the farm operator remained significant. Farms with less than three adult injuries, no hired workers, less than 300 acres in size, a Midwest location, and a primary farm type of tobacco, fruit and nuts, dairy, or poultry and eggs all had adjusted odds ratios of 2 or greater. Increasing the prevalence of ROPS-equipped tractors is essential for reducing the leading cause of death on farms, tractor overturns. Economic factors play a major role in the prevalence and distribution of non-ROPS tractors on farms. The identified associations can be used to effectively target areas of the U.S. for ROPS promotion activities. | |
Agricultural tractor overturn deaths: assessment of trends and risk factors
Myers JR , Hendricks KJ . Am J Ind Med 2010 53 (7) 662-72 BACKGROUND: Tractor overturn deaths have been recognized as a public health concern for decades. Studies have reported on the hazards associated with tractor overturns, but none have reported on trends in tractor overturn fatality rates in the United States (US). METHODS: Tractor overturn fatality data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries were used in Poisson regression models to: identify risk factors associated with overturn fatalities; examine trends in tractor overturn fatality rates between 1992 and 2007; and assess trends in overturn fatality rates for specific risk factors. RESULTS: Characteristics found to be associated with tractor overturn fatality rates were age, type of farm, region, and the victim's relationship to the farm (P < 0.0001). Older age groups, crop farms, farms in the Midwest and Northeast, and family workers all had higher fatal tractor overturn risks. Overall, tractor overturn fatality rates declined 28.5% between 1992 and 2007. Significant decreases in tractor overturn fatality rates were found for the Northeast and South regions, hired workers, crop farms, and in every age group except those less than 25 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Tractor overturn fatality rates decreased between 1992 and 2007. These decreases were not consistent between different categories of the agricultural workforce or regions of the US. Changes in tractor overturn fatality rates may be partially explained by increases in the prevalence of ROPS on farm tractors in the US. ROPS promotion programs are needed to reduce tractor overturn fatalities, especially among those subpopulations at highest risk. |
Prevalence of roll-over protective structure (ROPS)-equipped tractors on Hispanic-operated farms in the United States
Myers JR . J Agromedicine 2010 15 (2) 137-47 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) are known to prevent tractor overturn deaths, but not enough tractors are equipped with them in the United States to reduce the rate of these deaths to levels seen in several European countries. Recent literature has defined the use of ROPS on US farms in general, but little is known about ROPS use on Hispanic farm operations. Data from a national survey for the calendar year 2003 were used to assess the prevalence of ROPS use on Hispanic-operated farms. Farm characteristics previously identified to be associated with low ROPS prevalence rates on other farming operations were examined for these Hispanic farming operations. The overall ROPS prevalence rate on Hispanic farms was 52.2%. Adjusted odds ratios of potential risk factors found that the region where the farm was located and the acreage of the farm appeared to be the most significant indicators of the prevalence of ROPS on Hispanic farms. In addition, the age of the farm operator, the farm status as a full- or part-time operation, and the type of farm operation were also important factors. These findings were similar to those seen for racial minority farms and the general farming population. These results can be used to target ROPS promotion programs for Hispanic farmers across the United States. |
Youth living on Hispanic-operated farms: injuries and population estimates in the U.S., 2000
Layne LA , Goldcamp EM , Myers JR , Hendricks KJ . J Agric Saf Health 2009 15 (4) 377-88 A dearth of information exists in public health surveillance on the injury burden among Hispanic farm youth in the U.S. In this study, data were collected via a telephone survey with Hispanic farm operators sampled from the 1991 Census of Agriculture active list of farms. There were an estimated 307 nonfatal injuries among an estimated 21,631 youth less than 20 years old living on Hispanic-operated farms in the U.S., 2000. Males accounted for 73% of the injuries and had an injury rate of 20.2 compared to 8.2 per 1,000 for females. Injury rates were higher for work-related incidents than for nonwork, and this relationship was true for both males and females. Work and nonwork injury rates were also similar for youth < 10 and 10-15 years old, but for youth 16-19 years of age, the risk of injury for work-related incidents was higher than for nonwork. Livestock operations had a larger number of injuries and higher injury rates compared to crop operations. These data provide previously unavailable descriptive statistics for both the nonfatal injury burden and population estimate for youth on Hispanic-operated farms. |
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